KESENJANGAN HUKUM DALAM PENGATURAN KONTEN DIGITAL DAN KEBEBASAN BEREKSPRESI DI ERA PLATFORM MEDIA SOSIAL
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Abstract
This research aims to identify legal gaps in the ITE Law and its
derivative regulations, analyze their impact on the chilling effect,
the criminalization of digital expression, and the dominance of
foreign platform privacy policies. It also formulates
recommendations for regulatory reform that are more
proportional, transparent, and in line with international human
rights standards. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a
literature review, this research utilizes primary legal sources (the
1945 Constitution, Law No. 1 of 2024, Minister of
Communication and Information Regulation No. 5 of 2020,
Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023) and
secondary literature from scientific articles, government reports,
and recent studies on the implementation of the ITE Law on
social media platforms. The results reveal unclear norms, a lack
of synchronization between national regulations and global
standards, excessive discretion by officials and platforms, and a
lag in regulations regarding algorithms and AI, which
cumulatively trigger self-censorship, increase the criminalization
of criticism, and weaken digital democracy. The research
recommends reformulating the multi-interpretable articles,
implementing the principles of proportionality and due process
of law, requiring platforms to be transparent in content
moderation, and establishing a multi-stakeholder forum to
ensure a democratic digital ecosystem aligned with Pancasila
values in the era of national digital transformation.
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